The amber gemstone is a radiant and highly sought-after gem, often featured in collections and jewelry pieces. Its warm glow brings smiles to the faces of many, and its striking appearance helps it stand out as an accessory.
While many people are aware of amber, not everyone chooses to learn more about its origins, properties, uses, and the meaning of the amber crystal. If you're curious about amber gemstones, here's what you need to know.
Amber Properties: What Exactly Is Amber?
Amber isn’t a mineral gemstone like most other gems used in jewelry or for similar ornamental purposes. Instead, amber is hardened resin. Amber is composed of organic compounds, including resins and oils, which contribute to its unique characteristics and value. As the tree resin hardens, it develops gem-like qualities, maintaining its form and polishing nicely. Amber's ability to be cut and polished into gemstones makes it highly versatile and suitable for use in jewelry.
Is Amber a Real Gemstone?
As mentioned above, amber isn't a mineral-based gemstone. Instead, it's generally considered an organic gem due to its composition. Amber is created when pine tree resin hardens, giving it a stone-like consistency. It's real in that it's naturally occurring, though it's not stone in the traditional sense. Instead, it's more classically considered a fossilized resin or an organic gem.
If you're wondering, “How can you tell good quality amber from fakes?” the process of separating the two is reasonably easy. Authentic amber is typically light for its size, so the weight of a piece may provide clues. Classically, it feels warmer to the touch, whereas many fakes seem cold.
Additionally, amber floats in salt water. Imperfections or shifts in coloration also commonly occur with genuine amber. Scratch and hot needle tests may also help a person identify natural amber, but it does run the risk of damaging the stone.
Is Amber Rare?
Amber isn’t overly rare overall. However, some versions are incredibly scarce. As a result, if you’re wondering, “Is amber an expensive stone?” the answer is, “It depends.”
Usually, the rarest and most expensive pieces of amber contain insect inclusions, such as mosquitoes. The insects became trapped in the tree resin when it was still wet. As the amber coated them, it essentially encased the insect, preserving its body within the hardening material. Since amber is classically a transparent material once polished, the insect remains visible within the pressed amber, which is attractive to collectors. Pressed amber is often made from small pieces of amber that are fused under heat and pressure to form larger, more cohesive objects.
Amber may also contain other trapped organic materials, like leaves. However, while these have scientific value, they aren’t as popular as versions containing insects. As a result, the plant material-containing versions aren’t overly expensive.
When it comes to amber without inclusions, those specimens are relatively common. As a result, the price is typically quite affordable. The only exception is large pieces of amber. Even without inclusions, bigger specimens are rare, which makes them quite expensive.
Amber Formation: How Does Amber Form?
Amber’s journey begins millions of years ago, when sticky tree resin—most often from ancient coniferous trees—oozed from bark and branches, acting as a natural defence against injury or pests. Over time, this resin would drip to the forest floor or become trapped within the tree itself. In the right conditions, such as those found in the lush forests of the Baltic Sea region, the resin was quickly buried by layers of soil, sand, or sediment, protecting it from air and slowing its decay.
As the years passed, the buried resin underwent a remarkable transformation. Through a process called polymerization, the organic compounds in the resin bonded together, gradually turning it into a stable, fossilized tree resin—what we now know as amber. This transformation could take anywhere from a few million to over a hundred million years, depending on environmental factors like temperature, pressure, and the presence of microorganisms.
One of amber’s most fascinating features is its ability to preserve tiny snapshots of prehistoric life. As the resin flowed, it sometimes trapped insects, plant fragments, or even small vertebrates, encasing them in a golden tomb. These inclusions provide scientists with invaluable insights into ancient ecosystems, thereby enhancing the allure and value of amber pieces.
The Baltic Sea region is especially famous for its rich deposits of Baltic amber, which is prized for its clarity, colour, and abundance of inclusions. Today, most amber found around the world originated as tree resin in similar ancient environments, making each piece a unique window into Earth’s distant past.
Amber Gemstone Colours
Generally speaking, amber is classically known for its rich golden colouring. The hues can vary from shades of slightly earthy yellows to deep brownish oranges, though some fall closer to true brown with slight yellow tinges. Amber occurs in various shades, from yellow and orange to brown and even green.
However, amber does come in other hues. Red amber does exist, as well as white amber and yellow amber. There is also green amber found occasionally, although it tends to have a slightly earthy appearance. Blue amber is also naturally occurring. Amber is rarely blue, making such specimens especially prized by collectors.
Some amber also features a bluish white or greenish fluorescence. Those pieces are highly prized due to their rarity, making them favorites among collectors.
The History of the Amber Gemstone
Amber is potentially one of the first gemstones used broadly for ornamental purposes. Evidence suggests that it has been used since the Stone Age. Amber artifacts dating back to Neolithic times have been found, highlighting their ancient use and significance in early human civilization. Unlike most other gems, you don’t necessarily have to dig into the earth to see it. As a result, it was highly accessible to cultures well before mining, and the use of similar industrial practices became the norm.
Amber also served other purposes historically. It was used as a fuel source in some cases. Additionally, many ancient healing and medicinal practices involve amber. During the Middle Ages, amber gained further significance as Gdańsk became a center for amber craftsmanship, and the stone played a major role in trade and artistry.
Amber was associated with the sun throughout the years due to its colouring, particularly when illuminated. Many cultures associate the properties of amber crystals with the natural world; some even believe that amber stones are the tears of gods or ancient heroes. In Poland and the Baltic region, amber was often referred to as "The Gold of the North" due to its value, rarity, and beauty.
Since amber was easy to carve, it was also used to imbue the wearer of amber amulets with the strengths of certain animals. The ancient Romans and Greeks viewed amber as a symbol of fertility, often depicted as rabbits, frogs, and fish. Chinese culture believed that amber held the souls of tigers, while the Vikings used a variety of animals to embody key characteristics they associated with them. Amber artifacts have been discovered in archaeological sites, underscoring their cultural and historical importance.
There are also associations with magic. Many think that the connection is related to the electrostatic properties of amber. When properly charged, it creates a static pull, which isn’t common among other stones. The Greeks even referred to amber as “elektron,” which is the basis for current terms like “electron” and “electricity.” The term "Arabic anbar" refers to amber's use as a perfume and its mention in ancient legends and Arabic mythology.
While some of those beliefs diminished with time, amber remained a popular jewelry and ornamental stone. Its golden amber glow is both warm and comforting. As a result, it was a favoured stone by many.
Where Does Amber Come From?
Since amber is a form of hardened tree resin, amber is found in countries all around the world. Austria, Canada, China, Colombia, India, Jordan, Sweden, Syria, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and many other nations are sources of amber.
However, certain types of amber have relatively specific origins. Here's a closer look at different types of amber.
Baltic Amber
Baltic amber is a type of amber found in the Baltic region, encompassing countries such as Germany, Lithuania, Latvia, and Poland. Compared to other versions of amber, it contains higher levels of succinic acid. As a result, it's sometimes referred to as succinite. Historically, it was also called Prussian amber.
Dominican Amber
Originating from the Dominican Republic, Dominican amber originates from the Hymenaea protera tree, which is now an extinct species. Generally, Dominican amber resin is nearly always transparent, while some other versions may exhibit cloudiness. Additionally, the occurrence of organic material being trapped inside and preserved is higher.
Dominican amber typically comes from one of three major mining sites in the country. While it usually has a traditional golden hue, some specimens exhibit a different hue. Dominican blue amber is a naturally occurring, rare gemstone. Specific conditions created by the Hymenaea protera tree species are required for this coloration; therefore, it isn't found in many amber forms from other regions of the world.
Burmese Amber
Burmese amber originates from a specific region in Myanmar (formerly Burma). Some specimens date back approximately 100 million years, and the organic inclusions found within them provide clues about the environment and animal species that existed during that period. As a result, it's highly valued by collectors and the scientific community.
Amber Quality Factors: What Determines Value?
Not all amber is created equal—a combination of natural beauty, rarity, and unique features shapes its value. When evaluating amber gemstones, several key quality factors come into play.
Colour is one of the most noticeable aspects, with shades ranging from classic golden yellow and warm orange to deep brown, vibrant green, and even the rarest blue and cherry amber. While yellow, amber, and orange hues are most common, green, amber and blue amber from the Dominican Republic are highly sought after by collectors and can command the highest prices.
Clarity is another important factor. Some amber is crystal clear, while other pieces are cloudy amber, filled with tiny bubbles or organic matter. Both types have their appeal, but transparent amber with visible inclusions—especially insect inclusions—tends to be the most valuable. The presence of a perfectly preserved insect or plant can transform a simple gemstone into a scientific treasure, with rare inclusions significantly enhancing its value.
Size and carat weight also matter. Larger pieces of amber, particularly those from the Baltic Sea area, are rare and therefore more valuable. The origin of the amber, such as Baltic amber or amber from the Dominican Republic, can influence desirability and price due to differences in colour, clarity, and the likelihood of unique inclusions.
Special features, such as sun spangles—shimmering discoid fractures that form when amber is gently heated—add to the uniqueness and appeal of certain amber gemstones. Whether destined for amber jewelry, amber perfume, or as a collector’s specimen, understanding these quality factors helps you appreciate the true value and natural beauty of each piece of fossilized tree resin.
Amber Jewelry Pieces
Amber jewelry has been popular since ancient times and is still widely worn today. Generally, you won't see much amber jewelry in chain stores, primarily because its colorations can vary, and inclusions are common. Mass jewelry production typically relies on consistency, which is challenging to achieve with amber.
However, independent jewellers work with amber regularly. Independent designers can typically do small runs or one-off pieces to take advantage of uniquely beautiful pieces of amber. As a result, finding amber jewelry isn't overly difficult.
Usually, amber isn't faceted. Instead, it's left in organic shapes and tumbled or polished. Amber beads are also popular, and you'll also find cabochons in many cases. At times, amber is carved into different shapes for decorative objects, such as hearts or animal figures.
Amber is popular for a wide variety of jewelry types since it's relatively lightweight. Necklaces, earrings, pendants, and rings are all widely available. Amber also makes appearances in pendulums.
Amber Stone Meaning and Symbolism
As with most gemstones, the meaning and symbolism of the amber stone vary according to a person’s belief system. Some of the symbolism associated with amber crystals was discussed previously, as they played a significant role in the stone’s history. In ancient rituals, amber was also burned as incense, valued for its aromatic smoke and its use in spiritual ceremonies.
However, there are also more modern meanings associated with amber gemstones to consider. Many people associate amber with good fortune. Warriors often viewed amber as a protective stone, as it was said to promote courage and good luck. Some view amber as a stone that promotes self-confidence and personal power.
Many people believe that amber is a calming stone, partly due to its warm, honey-like qualities. Due to its colouring, the amber chakra is associated with the sacral chakra, although yellower versions may also be connected to the solar plexus chakra. If you're interested in crystals for other chakras, check out these top crystals for Crown Chakra healing.
Amber Healing Properties
When it comes to the healing properties of amber, these also vary depending on a person's belief systems and their thoughts on the symbolism of amber. From a mental health perspective, amber is considered a balancing stone that helps combat negativity and fear. It's also associated with patience, mental clarity, and the growth of wisdom.
Some say that amber can help develop healthy boundaries, offering a supportive energy that makes it easier to focus on self-care rather than people-pleasing. Others also feel it promotes energy flow, partially due to its association with tree growth and healing.
On the physical side, specific belief systems state that amber can reduce fatigue or boost immunity. Due to its associations with warmth, some believe it can help alleviate common ailments such as colds or flu. Some people think that amber can help relieve headaches or chronic pain.
However, it's critical to remember that there's no scientific evidence to suggest that wearing, holding, or meditating on stones like amber provides any health benefits. While using amber as part of a spiritual practice isn't likely to cause harm, amber isn't a substitute for genuine medical care from a healthcare professional. As a result, don't use any stone in lieu of medical care if you have a physical or mental health concern.
Amber Care and Maintenance
Amber’s natural beauty and unique properties make it a cherished addition to any jewelry collection, but its organic origins mean it requires a gentle touch. As a relatively soft material—ranking just 2 to 2.5 on the Mohs hardness scale—amber is more susceptible to scratches and damage than many other gemstones. That’s why it’s highly recommended to handle amber jewelry, beads, and pendants with care.
To keep your amber looking its best, avoid exposing it to harsh chemicals, perfumes, or cleaning agents, as these can dull its shine or cause discoloration. Excessive heat and prolonged sunlight can also cause fading or cracking, so it’s wise to store amber pieces in a cool, shaded area when not in use.
Cleaning amber is simple: use a soft, damp cloth and a mild soap solution to wipe the surface gently. For a deeper clean, a mixture of warm water and a gentle detergent can be used, but never soak amber or use ultrasonic cleaners, as these can damage the fossilized tree resin. After cleaning, buff your amber with a soft cloth to restore its warm, natural lustre.
To prevent scratches, store amber jewelry separately from harder gemstones and metals. Wrapping each piece in a soft pouch or cloth is a great way to protect your collection. By following these care and maintenance tips, you’ll ensure that your amber’s unique properties and timeless appeal endure for generations, allowing you to enjoy the earthy glow and history of this remarkable resin.
Stones Similar to Amber
While amber is a unique gemstone, other gems can exhibit similar coloration. For example, citrine can have an identical hue if you’re looking for a substitute for yellow ambers. Topaz, golden beryl, and specific garnets may also exhibit golden or orangish hues, traditionally associated with amber.
Amber gained widespread popular attention through the film and novel 'Jurassic Park', where scientists extract dinosaur DNA from insects preserved in amber, highlighting its allure in both scientific discovery and popular culture.
If you’re interested in amber for its organic origins, there are other organic gemstones to consider. Pearl, coral, and jet are organic stones, though they don’t visually resemble amber. Additionally, some gems contain organic materials, such as opals and petrified wood, which were formed over time through a process of mineralization, giving them an organic origin. Amber has provided valuable specimens for research, including ancient insects, and has even been referenced alongside sperm whales in the context of traditional medicine and perfumery.
Frequently Asked Questions about Amber
Is amber an expensive gem?
Amber can be affordable, but rare types, such as blue or those with unique inclusions, can be quite valuable.
What is the amber stone good for?
Amber is believed to promote healing, protection, and emotional balance. It's also popular in teething jewelry and energy work.
Is amber a real stone?
Amber is not a mineral but fossilized tree resin, making it an organic gemstone.
What is so special about amber?
Amber is prized for its warm glow, natural inclusions (like ancient insects), and its connection to prehistoric Earth—some pieces are over 100 million years old.
